Laoguanshan Han Tomb Jinjin Jacquard Machine

In July 2012, Laoguanshan, Tianhui Town, northern suburb of Chengdu, was under construction on Metro Line 3. Suddenly the scene was boiling and a tomb was discovered. After a year of rescue excavation, a total of 4 tombs of the Muqin Mudu in the Western Han Dynasty were cleaned up, and a large number of precious cultural relics were unearthed.

Excavated cultural relics, human body acupoints and lacquer portraits are the earliest and most complete human medicine models of the acupoints found in China, and 920 medical simplifications have been confirmed as the lost classics of Chinese medicine Bianque school classics, four loom models and companions More than ten pieces of painted hibiscus reproduce the Han Dynasty textile factory. The Laoguanshan Han Tomb in Chengdu was selected as one of the six major discoveries of Chinese archaeology in 2013. Wang Wei, a member of the Chinese Academy of Social Sciences, used the words “filling the gap and rewriting history” to evaluate the excavation of the old Guanshan tomb.

Four brocade jacquard models fill the gap in world textile history

The four jacquard jacquard models unearthed at No. 2 cemetery of Laoguanshan Han Tomb are the first physical model of the unearthed looms in China. They are also the earliest and most complete looms in the world, filling the gap in the world textile history.

The ancient name of Sichuan is “蜀”, “蜀国” and “the country of silkworms”. The silkworm silk industry has the earliest origin and is one of the birthplaces of Chinese silk culture. Yu Jin Xing was born in the Han and Tang Dynasties in the Spring and Autumn Period and the Warring States Period. It is a colorful brocade with Han nationality and local style. It is one of the four famous Chinese brocades.

Before 2012, the development of the textile industry in Handan was only found in the literature and never received physical evidence. The bamboo-wood loom model of the four old tombs of Laoguanshan Han in the water proves this. Wang Yi, director of the Chengdu Museum, said, "The discovery of the Han Dynasty jacquard weaving machine has made these cultural relics spanning 2000 years fill the shortcomings of historical materials in the history of textiles in China and the world. It also confirms that Chengdu is the southern starting point of the Silk Road in history."

This is the complete model of the loom in the Western Han Dynasty discovered in China for the first time. In the following three years, the researchers repaired the loom model, and how the silk weaving was finally answered. The advanced brocade technology more than 2,000 years ago reappeared in the world, exemplifying the existence of the brocade and the title of “Jinguan City”.

The official section of the Laoguanshan Han Tomb is a Bianque medical book

920 bamboo slips unearthed from the No. 3 cemetery in Laoguanshan, totaling about 20,000 words. It is reasonable to say that Chengdu is a plain of impact. Under the soil of five or six meters, it is all pebble layer, which is very unfavorable for the preservation of organic matter.

The bamboo slips unearthed from the Tomb of Han Guanshan are the first bamboo slips unearthed in the Sichuan area. Why can they be saved? It turns out that this place in Laoguan Mountain is a highland. The ground below is a rock rather than a pebble layer, which protects the tomb to some extent.

The medical syllabus was very messy when it was first unearthed. The archaeologists sorted out nine medical books according to the length of the bamboo slip, the placement position, the order of the stacking, and the contents of the essay. In addition to the "Five Color Pulse Diagnosis", the nine medical books have no title. After preliminary preparation, they are tentatively named "The Doctor of the Past", "The Death of the Pulse" and "The Sixty Diseases". In addition, there are 184 medical doctors (including the simplification).

Scholars have continued to find that the medical syllabus has been further confirmed as part of the sputum medical book, and also found the characteristic use of wine in the ancient prescriptions: direct medication, medication with wine, and more, with wine and other foods After cooking, take the soup and take the medicine.

In the research results published by the Chinese Medicine History Literature Researcher and the Chinese Medicine published by Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the composition of the drug is relatively simple in the "Six Diseases", and the usage of the wine is quite characteristic. According to the research paper, the use rate of wine in the "Six Diseases" is very high, involving 34 parties, mainly based on oral preparations.

The lacquer man’s theory of acupuncture and moxibustion is of great significance

The complete human body acupoint lacquer portrait unearthed in No. 3 cemetery should be the earliest and most complete human medicine model of the acupoints discovered so far in China. The portrait of the enamel enamel is male, brown lacquered, 14 cm high, hands are vertical and down, and the palms are turned straight ahead. Under the illumination of the lights, the staggered lines on the lacquered wood are clearly visible.

It has 22 red lines and 29 white lines to identify the meridians, similar to the distribution of the twelve meridians recorded in the Renmai, the veins and the Lingshujing. There are 117 clearly visible acupoints in the lacquer wood, and some parts are also marked with "heart", "lung", "kidney", "pot" and other words.

Xie Tao, the person in charge of the archaeological site of the Laoguanshan Han Tomb, believes that “the meridian lacquered wood was unearthed together with a large number of medical books, indicating that these relics may be used by the tombs before the doctors and teaching, which also proves that Chinese acupuncture and moxibustion in the early Western Han Dynasty. A relatively complete theoretical system has been formed, which is of great significance for uncovering the origin and development of Chinese medical meridians and acupuncture theory."

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